Visiting the dentist can be a challenging experience for any child, but for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it can be particularly overwhelming. The unfamiliar environment, sensory stimuli, and changes in routine can cause heightened anxiety and sensory overload.
However, children with autism need dental care just like other kids. And with preparation, understanding, and support, dental visits can become more manageable and even enjoyable for children with autism. Here are a few helpful tips and strategies to create positive dental experiences for children with autism.
Find a Dentist Experienced in Treating Children with Autism
Look for a dentist who has experience working with children on the autism spectrum. These dentists are often trained in techniques that help accommodate sensory sensitivities and provide a more patient-centered approach.
For example, dentists who treat patients with autism understand that consistency, quick and concise appointments, and desensitization protocols can help children feel more at ease and get the care they need at the dental office [1].
Contact the dental office in advance to discuss your child’s specific needs, the doctor’s experience, and options for their care.
Prepare and Familiarize
For some children, creating a visual schedule or social story that outlines the steps involved in a dental appointment can be helpful. Use pictures or written descriptions to help your child understand what to expect. Review this schedule or story multiple times in the days leading up to the appointment to familiarize your child with the process.
Some children with autism can also benefit from seeing the office and meeting the dentist before their appointment. Not every child will be able to complete their treatment in one visit.
Some children with ASD do better by making several trips to the dentist and becoming familiar with the people and surroundings before an attempt at treatment can be made [2].
Sensory Considerations
Many children with autism have sensory sensitivities that can make a dental visit overwhelming. Communicate with the dental office about any particular sensory needs your child may have, such as using a weighted blanket or providing sunglasses to reduce visual stimulation. Allow your child to bring comforting items, such as a favorite toy or noise canceling headphones, to help create a sense of security and comfort during the visit.
Desensitization and Role-Playing
Some children with autism benefit from a simulated dental visit at home. Role-play with your child to help them become familiar with the sensations and procedures they may encounter during the appointment.
For example, use a toothbrush to gently mimic dental exam procedures, such as counting teeth or cleaning them. Gradually introduce dental tools and the dentist’s chair to help desensitize your child to these unfamiliar stimuli.
Communication and Visual Cues
Establish open communication with the dentist and dental hygienists before your child’s appointment. Inform them about your child’s communication preferences and any sensory or behavioral challenges they may face.
Developing a non-verbal cue, such as raising a hand or using a specific gesture, can help your child indicate when they need a break or are feeling overwhelmed during the visit [3].
Visit Timing
Consider scheduling dental appointments during the time of day when your child is most calm and receptive to new experiences. Avoid scheduling dental visits during times when your child is more likely to be tired or overwhelmed. This will help ensure a more positive experience overall.
Reinforcement and Positive Reinforcement
Prepare a reward system in advance, tailored to your child’s preferences, as a motivational tool. It can be as simple as praising their cooperation or offering a small token or favored activity after the appointment. Positive reinforcement can help associate dental visits with positive experiences, making future visits more manageable.
Contact an Experienced Dentist Today
You don’t have to put off oral care for your child just because they have autism. Contact a dentist experienced in treating children with ASD to discuss your child’s unique needs. Remember, patience, understanding, and preparation can go a long way toward establishing a lifetime of good dental health for children with autism.
Sources:
1. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/sites/default/files/2017-09/practical-oral-care-autism.pdf
2. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/making-visits-to-the-dentist-easier-for-people-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-202106292513
3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41407-023-1748-y
