Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing is a common problem that many people face, yet it is often overlooked or ignored. While occasionally seeing a little blood may not be alarming, frequent bleeding when brushing or flossing shouldn’t be underestimated, as it can be indicative of underlying health issues.
Understanding the reasons behind bleeding gums is essential in maintaining oral health and preventing further complications. So why are your gums bleeding when you brush and floss? Let’s take a look at some of the major culprits.
Gingivitis
The earliest stage of gum disease, gingivitis, is characterized by inflammation caused by plaque buildup at the gumline. Symptoms often include redness, swelling, and bleeding during brushing or flossing [1]. Without proper treatment, gingivitis can progress to more severe periodontal disease.
Improper Brushing or Flossing Techniques
Using a toothbrush with hard bristles or brushing too aggressively can damage the gums, leading to bleeding. Similarly, flossing harshly or incorrectly can cause trauma to the gum tissue, causing bleeding. It’s crucial to ensure proper brushing and flossing techniques to protect your gums.
Poor Oral Hygiene
Failing to maintain adequate oral hygiene can lead to the buildup of plaque and tartar, both of which can irritate the gums. This can ultimately result in bleeding when brushing or flossing your teeth.
Vitamin Deficiencies
A deficiency in vitamin C can lead to gum bleeding. Vitamin C is crucial for repairing tissues and maintaining the overall health of gums [2]. Likewise, low levels of Vitamin K, which helps blood clotting, can also contribute to gum bleeding.
Certain Medications
Certain medications, such as blood thinners and some over-the-counter pain relievers, can increase the likelihood of gum bleeding as they interfere with the blood’s ability to clot. Your dentist can help assess if your medication is causing your gum bleeding.
Hormonal Changes
Pregnancy, menstruation, and menopause cause hormonal changes that can make gums more sensitive and prone to bleeding [3]. It’s not uncommon for pregnant people, teenagers, and older women to have more sensitive and bleeding gums.
Addressing and Preventing Bleeding Gums
If your gums bleed when you brush or floss, it’s important to:
- Take good care of your smile. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. Make sure to brush at least twice daily (at least 30 minutes after eating) and floss at least once a day.Â
- Eat a healthy diet. Incorporate foods rich in vitamins C and K into your diet, such as citrus fruits, leafy greens, and broccoli, to strengthen your gums and overall dental health.
- Stay hydrated. Drinking plenty of water helps wash away food particles and bacteria from your teeth and gums, reducing the likelihood of plaque buildup.
- See your dentist. Regular check-ups and professional cleanings with your dentist can help identify and treat any underlying issues before they become severe.
- Adjust lifestyle habits. Reduce or quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, as both can contribute to gum disease and associated symptoms.
Ask Your Dentist About Your Gum Health
If bleeding persists despite adhering to good oral hygiene practices or if it’s accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, bad breath, or receding gums, it’s crucial to seek professional advice. Contact your dentist to book an exam to assess your gum health. Your gums play a crucial role in a healthy body and smile, so don’t wait!
Sources:
- https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/bleeding-gums
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8784414/
- https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/womens-hormones-and-dental-health
