Orthodontics

What Causes an Overbite?

November 18, 2024

Here, we take a closer look at the causes of overbites to help patients understand this common alignment problem and make informed decisions about their dental care.

Genetic Factors

Many overbites are inherited traits passed down through families. Genetic factors influence jaw development, tooth positioning, and overall mouth structure. This means that if one or both of your parents have an overbite, you’re more likely to have one as well. The size and shape of your jaw and teeth are largely determined by genetics, which can naturally lead to the development of an overbite [1].

Developmental Causes

During childhood, several habits and behaviors can contribute to overbite development, including prolonged thumb-sucking or pacifier use, extended bottle feeding beyond the recommended age, and tongue thrusting [2].

Often, parents don’t realize that these things are a problem until the bite has already developed improperly. Regular dental checkups can ensure that a child’s bite development is on track and minimize the risk of an overbite.

Certain Habits

Some children have habits that can cause an overbite to form, including nail biting, chewing on objects such as pens, and even mouth breathing. Children may breathe through their mouth due to allergies or congestion, so resolving these concerns is important for both your child’s health and proper bite development.

Existing Tooth Issues

In some cases, losing baby teeth too early or too late or impacted teeth can affect jaw development and lead to an overbite. When baby teeth are lost prematurely, the remaining teeth may shift to fill the gap, creating misalignment that can develop into an overbite as permanent teeth emerge.

Additionally, retained baby teeth can force permanent teeth to erupt in incorrect positions, altering the natural bite pattern. Impacted teeth, particularly in the front of the mouth, can create pressure on surrounding teeth and cause them to shift forward, gradually contributing to the development of an overbite over time.

How an Overbite Impacts Oral Health

Untreated overbites can lead to various oral health complications. The misalignment often causes excessive wear on certain teeth, potentially leading to enamel erosion and increased sensitivity.

Patients may experience difficulty biting and chewing properly, which can affect digestion and nutrition. Some people with an overbite develop speech impediments or experience jaw pain and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.

Research also shows that improper bites, such as overbites, can increase a patient’s risk for periodontal (gum) disease, making addressing this alignment issue important [3].

Get Treatment for Your Overbite

Whether an overbite has impacted the appearance or function of your teeth, there is treatment available. Braces, clear aligners, and other orthodontic appliances can help properly align your bite and prevent more serious complications, such as chronic pain or gum disease. Contact your orthodontist today to discover your options for overbite treatment.