What’s the Difference Between Bruxism and TMJ?

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What’s the Difference Between Bruxism and TMJ?

Bruxism and TMJ (temporomandibular joint) disorders are two distinct conditions that affect the jaw and can cause discomfort and pain. While they may overlap in symptoms, it’s crucial to understand the differences between them to accurately diagnose and treat the underlying issue.

TMJ and bruxism are not the same thing. So how are they different? Here, we explore the causes, symptoms, and treatments of both bruxism and TMJ to help you differentiate between the two.

What Is Bruxism?

Bruxism, commonly known as teeth grinding or clenching, refers to the habitual grinding or clenching of the teeth [1].

Teeth grinding often occurs unconsciously during sleep, but it can also happen during waking hours. Bruxism can have various causes, including stress and anxiety, an abnormal bite, misaligned teeth, or certain medications or stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine [2].

The most common symptom of bruxism is tooth damage. People who grind their teeth may experience worn, flattened, chipped, cracked, and even loose teeth. However, people may also experience jaw soreness, headaches, and facial pain. In severe cases, it may contribute to temporomandibular joint disorder [3].

Treatment for Bruxism

For some patients, an underlying cause of bruxism can be identified, such as emotional stress, overuse of stimulants, a certain medication, or a problem with the jaw or teeth alignment. In such cases, treating the underlying cause is necessary to help improve the condition.

However, dentists typically recommend a nightguard while sleeping to protect the teeth and alleviate the pressure caused by teeth grinding. Mouthguards can be used while additional treatments are underway to prevent further damage to the teeth and reduce the symptoms of bruxism.

What Is TMJ?

TMJ disorders are a group of conditions that affect the joints connecting the jawbone to the skull, causing pain and dysfunction [4].

These disorders can have multiple causes, including injury to the jaw, arthritis, jaw misalignment, excessive teeth grinding, stress, or jaw clenching. It’s important to note that bruxism can lead to TMJ disorder, but not everyone with bruxism will develop TMJ.

The symptoms of TMJ disorder can vary and may include jaw pain or tenderness, difficulty opening or closing the mouth, clicking or popping sounds in the jaw joint, locking of the jaw joint, headaches, earaches, and facial pain. Some individuals may also experience limited jaw movement or stiffness.

Treatment for TMJ Disorders

For TMJ disorders, an underlying cause may be found, such as a misaligned jaw or teeth, excessively chewing gum, or arthritis. Addressing any underlying causes can lead to long term improvements in TMJ symptoms.

For some patients, management may be necessary if an underlying cause cannot be found. Management may include applying heat or cold packs to the affected area, avoiding hard or chewy foods, reducing stress, and physical therapy [5].

In severe cases, a dentist may suggest more advanced treatment methods, such as trigger point injection therapy, orthodontics, or jaw surgery.

Do You Suffer From Bruxism or TMJ?

So while bruxism and TMJ disorder are both conditions that involve the jaw and can have overlapping symptoms, they are not the same thing. If you’re experiencing bruxism or TMJ symptoms, it is best to consult a dental professional to receive an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan. Early intervention can help alleviate pain and prevent further complications down the line!

Sources:
1. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/bruxism
2. https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/teeth-grinding.html
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5490738/
4. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tmd
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813497/

Summary
What’s the Difference Between Bruxism and TMJ?
Article Name
What’s the Difference Between Bruxism and TMJ?
Description
TMJ and bruxism are not the same thing. So how are they different? Here, we explore the causes, symptoms, and treatments of both bruxism and TMJ to help you differentiate between the two.
Author
Elite Prosthetic Dentistry